The Resolution of the Ambalat Conflict Viewed from a Pancasila Perspective

Abstract

The Ambalat Block dispute between Indonesia and Malaysia has been extensively examined from the perspective of international maritime law, yet limited scholarly attention has focused on its eval_uation through the philosophical and constitutional framework of Pancasila. This article seeks to examine whether the joint development policy in the Ambalat Block is compatible with the values of Pancasila and Indonesia’s constitutional objectives. Using a normative legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches, the study analyses legislation, international instruments, and scholarly doctrines to assess the alignment of joint management with Indonesia’s state philosophy. The findings indicate that joint development is a legitimate mechanism under international law and can manage disputed areas without prejudicing sovereignty claims. From a Pancasila-based perspective, it better reflects humanity, social justice, national unity, and public welfare than the use of force, while also highlighting potential limitations such as power asymmetries and the freezing of claims. By integrating philosophical, constitutional, and legal analyses, this study contributes a Pancasila-based eval_uative framework for assessing state policies in territorial disputes, offering both normative guidance and practical implications for Indonesia’s long-term national interests.