Reconstructing Communal Intellectual Property Protection for Traditional Maritime Technology to Support Blue Investment in Tomini Bay
Abstract
The transformation of the maritime sector towards a blue economy in Teluk Tomini, Gorontalo Province, is often characterized by a top-down approach that may ignore the local wisdom of coastal communities. The Gorontalo fishing community possesses traditional technologies, katinting and Soma pajeko, classified as Communal Intellectual Property (KIK). Although recognized under Government Regulation No. 56 of 2022, this KIK has not been integrated into marine space utilization permits and maritime investment schemes. This normative legal research, using legislative, conceptual, and comparative approaches with studies of Kenya and Peru, aims to analyze the implications of regulatory gaps and formulate an ideal legal reconstruction model. The results show that the absence of specific regulations triggers overlapping claims, risks of biocultural piracy (biopiracy), and legal uncertainty, thereby reducing investor interest. Furthermore, the absence of a KIK appraisal agency creates obstacles to bank financing. As a solution, progressive legal reconstruction is formulated through the concept of Securing Blue Investment in Gorontalo Province. This model integrates four main elements: (1) a sui generis Perda based on living law in accordance with the 2023 National Criminal Code; (2) local governments as legal trustees through Maritime KIK Centers; (3) institutionalization of Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) contracts based on Prior Informed Consent, managed by Regional Public Service Agencies (BLUD); and (4) legalization of KIK certificates as objects of banking fiduciary security. This concept transforms KIK protection from passive cultural preservation into an active legal shield, ensuring investor legal certainty and economic justice for traditional fishermen.
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