Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis: Analisis Kesenjangan, Tren, Metodologi, dan Dinamika Kepemimpinan dalam Pendidikan Vokasional
Abstract
Penelitian tentang kepemimpinan dalam pendidikan vokasi telah berkembang pesat dalam lima tahun terakhir, namun masih terfragmentasi dan belum banyak disintesis secara sistematis. Tinjauan literatur ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis penelitian empiris tentang kepemimpinan dalam setting pendidikan vokasi, mengidentifikasi kesenjangan penelitian, dan merumuskan agenda penelitian masa depan. Tinjauan sistematis dilakukan terhadap 10 artikel jurnal peer-reviewed yang dipublikasikan antara tahun 2020-2025, yang dipilih dari database bereputasi termasuk jurnal terindeks Scopus. Studi-studi yang ditinjau menggunakan metodologi kuantitatif dengan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dan Partial Least Squares (PLS) sebagai teknik analitis dominan. Hasil tinjauan mengidentifikasi enam tema penelitian utama: kepemimpinan digital, kepemimpinan transformasional, kepemimpinan instruksional, kepemimpinan servant, kepemimpinan guru, dan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam konteks bonus demografi. Variabel mediasi kunci meliputi kepercayaan, efikasi diri, keterlibatan kerja, kepuasan kerja, motivasi, iklim organisasi, dan interaksi guru-siswa. Analisis kesenjangan mengungkapkan lima belas kesenjangan penelitian yang terbagi dalam tiga kategori: konseptual-teoretis, metodologis, dan substansial. Penelitian masa depan direkomendasikan untuk menggunakan desain longitudinal, pendekatan kualitatif dan metode campuran, analisis multilevel, serta mengkaji outcomes siswa dan peran pemangku kepentingan eksternal. Tinjauan ini memberikan kontribusi pada pemetaan lanskap penelitian kepemimpinan pendidikan vokasi di Indonesia dan Asia serta merumuskan agenda penelitian yang komprehensif.
References
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Mudrikah, M., Suyatno, S., & Santosa, A. B. (2025). The Influence Of Servant Leadership, Job Satisfaction, And Intrinsic Motivation On The Performance Of Aisyiyah Kindergarten Teachers. Edusoshum : Journal Of Islamic Education And Social Humanities, 5(3), 461–496. Https://Doi.Org/10.52366/Edusoshum.V5i3.146
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Oktavian Pradana, G., Psikologi, J., Anugerah, U., & Psikologi, I. J. (2019). Hubungan Antara Iklim Organisasi Dengan Perilaku Inovatif Pada Guru SMK Swasta X Di Surabaya.
Puruwita, D., Jamian, L. S., & Aziz, N. A. (2022). Instructional Leadership Practices At High-Performing Vocational Schools: Administrators’ Vs Teachers’ Perception. Humanities And Social Sciences Letters, 10(2), 173–185. Https://Doi.Org/10.18488/73.V10i2.3009
Riska Angriani, Irjus Indrawan, Alridho Fransiska, & Siti Naimah. (2025). Analisis Program Pendidikan Vokasi Dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Industri. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi Dan Akuntansi, 5(1), 17–36. Https://Doi.Org/10.55606/Jurimea.V5i1.870
Situmorang, D., & Hadi, S. (2022). The Effect Of Principal Instructional Leadership, Work Climate, And Achievement Motivation On Work Productivity Of Vocational School Teachers In Palangkaraya. International Journal Of Social Science And Human Research. Https://Doi.Org/10.47191/Ijsshr/V5-I12-101
Soleh, N., Fajriah, F., & Rahman, F. (2024). Kontribusi Mahasiswa Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia Dan Mewujudkan Visi Indonesia Emas 2045. Journal Of Smart Education And Learning, 1(1), 22–28. Https://Doi.Org/10.53088/Jsel.V1i1.978
Sunaryo, W., Yusnita, N., Herfina, H., Wulandari, D., & Suhendra, S. (2023). The Effects Of Digital Transformational Leadership, Work Environment And Motivation On Reinforc-Ing Job Satisfaction: Evidence From Vocational Schools. International Journal Of Data And Network Science, 7(2), 883–890. Https://Doi.Org/10.5267/J.Ijdns.2022.12.023
Utomo, S. B., Pasca, Y. D., & Hakim, A. R. (2025). The Influence Of The Principal’s Leadership, Communication, Motivation, And Competence On Work Culture Has Implications For The Performance Of Vocational School Teachers As Education Service And Supervision Centers For Region V Education Office Of West Java Province. Quality - Access To Success, 26(206), 329–339. Https://Doi.Org/10.47750/QAS/26.206.33
Wei, G., Alias, B. S., & Kalok, A. H. B. M. (2025a). Digital Leadership Impact On Teacher Innovation In Higher Vocational Colleges: The Intermediary Role Of The Organizational Innovation Climate. International Journal Of Learning, Teaching And Educational Research, 24(5), 537–555. Https://Doi.Org/10.26803/Ijlter.24.5.28
Wei, G., Alias, B. S., & Kalok, A. H. B. M. (2025b). Digital Leadership Impact On Teacher Innovation In Higher Vocational Colleges: The Intermediary Role Of The Organizational Innovation Climate. International Journal Of Learning, Teaching And Educational Research, 24(5), 537–555. Https://Doi.Org/10.26803/Ijlter.24.5.28
Yusnaini, & Slamet. (2019). Era Revolusi Industri 4.0: Tantangan Dan Peluang Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Literasi Pendidikan. (Https://Jurnal.Univpgri-Palembang.Ac.Id/Index.Php/Prosidingpps/Issue/View/312).
Anshori, L. I., Titisari, P., Setyanti, S. W. L. H., Handriyono, Sularso, R. A., & Susanto, A. B. (2023a). The Influence Of Servant Leadership On Motivation, Work Engagement, Job Satisfaction And Teacher Performance Of Vocational Hight School Teachers In Jember City. Quality - Access To Success, 24(194), 261–273. Https://Doi.Org/10.47750/QAS/24.194.30
Anshori, L. I., Titisari, P., Setyanti, S. W. L. H., Handriyono, Sularso, R. A., & Susanto, A. B. (2023b). The Influence Of Servant Leadership On Motivation, Work Engagement, Job Satisfaction And Teacher Performance Of Vocational Hight School Teachers In Jember City. Quality - Access To Success, 24(194), 261–273. Https://Doi.Org/10.47750/QAS/24.194.30
Badawi, B., Hakiki, M., Sahroni, S., Prihatmojo, A., & Hidayah, Y. (2024). Aligning Principal Leadership And Teacher Roles With The Demographic Bonus Towards Golden Indonesia 2045: The Case Study Of A Vocational High School. TEM Journal, 13(3), 2226–2236. Https://Doi.Org/10.18421/TEM133-50
Barnová, S., Treľová, S., Krásna, S., Beňová, E., Hasajová, L., & Gabrhelová, G. (2022). Leadership Styles, Organizational Climate, And School Climate Openness From The Perspective Of Slovak Vocational School Teachers. Societies, 12(6). Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Soc12060192
Budi Hermanto, Y., & Srimulyani, V. A. (2022). The Role Of Servant Leadership And Work Engagement In Improving Extra-Role Behaviour And Teacher Performance. In Int. J. Productivity And Quality Management (Vol. 35, Number 1).
Dasmo, D., Notosudjono, D., & Wati, S. (2025). Technological Leadership And ICT Literacy As Keys To Increasing Innovative Teacher Behavior.
Hartanto, Rusdarti, & Abdurrahman. (2019). Tantangan Pendidikan Vokasi Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 Dalam Menyiapkan Sumber Daya Manusia Yang Unggul.
Jaya, D. J., Ernawati, E., Triyono, M. B., Sudira, P., & Raharjo, N. E. (2025). Peluang Dan Tantangan Pendidikan Vokasional Menghadapi Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Journal Of Vocational And Technical Education (JVTE), 7(1), 39–48. Https://Doi.Org/10.26740/Jvte.V7n1.P39-48
Kmet, Lee, & Cook. (2004). Standard Quality Assessment Criteria For Evaluating W Calgary Faculty Of Medicine Calgary Health Region. Http://Www.Ahfmr.Ab.Ca/Frames3.Html
Lestrai Elva. (2025, June). Direktorat SMK Luncurkan Program Pengembangan SMK Tahun 2025 Wujud Nyata Penguatan Vokasi Untuk Indonesia Emas 2045 | Direktorat SMK. Https://Smk.Kemendikdasmen.Go.Id/. Https://Smk.Kemendikdasmen.Go.Id/Berita/Direktorat-Smk-Luncurkan-Program-Pengembangan-Smk-Tahun-2025-Wujud-Nyata-Penguatan-Vokasi-Untuk-Indonesia-Emas-2045
Liu, P., Alias, B. S., & Alias, B. S. (2024). Teacher Motivation And Commitment Through Transformational Leadership In China’s Vocational Schools. Journal Of Ecohumanism, 3(4), 1771–1779. Https://Doi.Org/10.62754/Joe.V3i4.3708
Lu, Q., & Wang, C. (2025). Exploring The Role Of Teaching Leadership In Enhancing Deep Learning Among Chinese Vocational Students: Mediating Effects Of Academic Self-Efficacy And Teacher-Student Interaction In Blended Learning. Salud, Ciencia Y Tecnologia - Serie De Conferencias, 4. Https://Doi.Org/10.56294/Sctconf20251333
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., Antes, G., Atkins, D., Barbour, V., Barrowman, N., Berlin, J. A., Clark, J., Clarke, M., Cook, D., D’Amico, R., Deeks, J. J., Devereaux, P. J., Dickersin, K., Egger, M., Ernst, E., Gøtzsche, P. C., … Tugwell, P. (2009). Preferred Reporting Items For Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLOS Medicine, 6(7), E1000097. Https://Doi.Org/10.1371/Journal.Pmed.1000097
Mudrikah, M., Suyatno, S., & Santosa, A. B. (2025). The Influence Of Servant Leadership, Job Satisfaction, And Intrinsic Motivation On The Performance Of Aisyiyah Kindergarten Teachers. Edusoshum : Journal Of Islamic Education And Social Humanities, 5(3), 461–496. Https://Doi.Org/10.52366/Edusoshum.V5i3.146
Mu’imamah, R. S. P., & Setiadi, B. R. (2026). Transformational Leadership To Improve Teacher Performance In Vocational Education: A Systematic Review. Journal Of Education Method And Learning Strategy, 4(01), 91–100. Https://Doi.Org/10.59653/Jemls.V4i01.2088
Oktavian Pradana, G., Psikologi, J., Anugerah, U., & Psikologi, I. J. (2019). Hubungan Antara Iklim Organisasi Dengan Perilaku Inovatif Pada Guru SMK Swasta X Di Surabaya.
Puruwita, D., Jamian, L. S., & Aziz, N. A. (2022). Instructional Leadership Practices At High-Performing Vocational Schools: Administrators’ Vs Teachers’ Perception. Humanities And Social Sciences Letters, 10(2), 173–185. Https://Doi.Org/10.18488/73.V10i2.3009
Riska Angriani, Irjus Indrawan, Alridho Fransiska, & Siti Naimah. (2025). Analisis Program Pendidikan Vokasi Dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Industri. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi Dan Akuntansi, 5(1), 17–36. Https://Doi.Org/10.55606/Jurimea.V5i1.870
Situmorang, D., & Hadi, S. (2022). The Effect Of Principal Instructional Leadership, Work Climate, And Achievement Motivation On Work Productivity Of Vocational School Teachers In Palangkaraya. International Journal Of Social Science And Human Research. Https://Doi.Org/10.47191/Ijsshr/V5-I12-101
Soleh, N., Fajriah, F., & Rahman, F. (2024). Kontribusi Mahasiswa Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia Dan Mewujudkan Visi Indonesia Emas 2045. Journal Of Smart Education And Learning, 1(1), 22–28. Https://Doi.Org/10.53088/Jsel.V1i1.978
Sunaryo, W., Yusnita, N., Herfina, H., Wulandari, D., & Suhendra, S. (2023). The Effects Of Digital Transformational Leadership, Work Environment And Motivation On Reinforc-Ing Job Satisfaction: Evidence From Vocational Schools. International Journal Of Data And Network Science, 7(2), 883–890. Https://Doi.Org/10.5267/J.Ijdns.2022.12.023
Utomo, S. B., Pasca, Y. D., & Hakim, A. R. (2025). The Influence Of The Principal’s Leadership, Communication, Motivation, And Competence On Work Culture Has Implications For The Performance Of Vocational School Teachers As Education Service And Supervision Centers For Region V Education Office Of West Java Province. Quality - Access To Success, 26(206), 329–339. Https://Doi.Org/10.47750/QAS/26.206.33
Wei, G., Alias, B. S., & Kalok, A. H. B. M. (2025a). Digital Leadership Impact On Teacher Innovation In Higher Vocational Colleges: The Intermediary Role Of The Organizational Innovation Climate. International Journal Of Learning, Teaching And Educational Research, 24(5), 537–555. Https://Doi.Org/10.26803/Ijlter.24.5.28
Wei, G., Alias, B. S., & Kalok, A. H. B. M. (2025b). Digital Leadership Impact On Teacher Innovation In Higher Vocational Colleges: The Intermediary Role Of The Organizational Innovation Climate. International Journal Of Learning, Teaching And Educational Research, 24(5), 537–555. Https://Doi.Org/10.26803/Ijlter.24.5.28
Yusnaini, & Slamet. (2019). Era Revolusi Industri 4.0: Tantangan Dan Peluang Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Literasi Pendidikan. (Https://Jurnal.Univpgri-Palembang.Ac.Id/Index.Php/Prosidingpps/Issue/View/312).
Published
2026-05-29
How to Cite
Kurniawan, G., Siswantoyo, Sutiman, & Widyastuti, C. (2026). Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis: Analisis Kesenjangan, Tren, Metodologi, dan Dinamika Kepemimpinan dalam Pendidikan Vokasional. Auto Tech: Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Otomotif Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo, 21(02), 205-213. https://doi.org/10.37729/autotech.v21i02.7638
Section
Articles
